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What is Chin-na? PDF Print E-mail

What is Chin-na?


Chin-Na is the facet of Kung-Fu which involves grappling, joint locks, pressure points, takedowns, and throws for immobilizing an attacker. These techniques are derived from animal attributes such as the praying mantis hooking or eagle claw.

Today


The recent understanding that grappling is as important as striking, has also caused some Kung Fu systems to focus on their Chin Na techniques, even expanding the system by incorporating/developing new ones. This is one reason why Chin Na of one school differs from that of another. There are over 700 traditional techniques and countless more being developed/adopted, depending on the specific school.

Qinna and the development of Jujutsu


Qinna is also accredited in the development of Jujutsu. It is stated in numerous Japanese and Chinese documents, that Chen Yuan-Yun (Chin Gempin or Chen Yuan-Pin; 1587-1674) was the first to introduce Chinese ju techniques (柔道 Rou Dao) into Japan during the early to middle 1600's. One such Japanese document is “Collections of Ancestor’s Conversations Volume 2."

“Honcho Bugei Shoden” (also referred to as “Kanjo Shoden”) written by Hinatsu Shigetaka in 1716 states the following:

Recently, Chin Gempin came to Japan and stayed at the Kokusa monastery, where he met three ronin: Fukuno Hichiroemon, Isogai Jirozaemon, and Miura Yojiemon. Chin Gempin told them that in China, there is an art of seizing a man. He said that he had seen it practiced and gave a brief example of the art. Chin Gempin also stated that he had not learned all of the principles of the art. Upon hearing this, the samurai further researched this art. Once achieving a degree of skill, the samurai founded the Kito-ryu school of Jujutsu.

This same story is repeated in various Japanese documents including Honcho Seji Danki, Bujutsu Ryusoroku, Roi Shintoryo Hisho, Kitoryu Kempohi, Kitoryu Toka Mondo, Owan Meisho Zue, and Zoin Kinsei Kijindenas. Rickson Gracie also attributes the Chinese with bringing the techniques of Jiu Jitsu into Japan, as stated on his website, when explaining the origin of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu.

Qinna Rou Dao can also be found in Shuai Jiao. Judo's development was influenced by Kito-ryu. Similarities between Judo and Shuai Jiao are apparent through the common link with Qinna Rou Dao. The process of both of these arts becoming a sport further influenced similarities within their softer techniques.

However, grappling systems in Japan do predate the introduction of Chin Na as demonstrated by such documents as Yukisenjo-Monogatari, Kuyamigusa, and Hitotsubashi-Joken and by the existence of many schools of grappling that predate Chen's visit. One of the oldest jujutsu school still in existence, Takenouchi Ryu, was founded in 1532 well before the birth of Chen Yuan-Yun. (from Wiki)